{"id":88465,"date":"2018-05-31T15:37:49","date_gmt":"2018-05-31T19:37:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.umw.edu\/news\/?p=88465"},"modified":"2019-12-05T13:11:15","modified_gmt":"2019-12-05T18:11:15","slug":"code-breaking-grads-do-the-math","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.umw.edu\/news\/2018\/05\/31\/code-breaking-grads-do-the-math\/","title":{"rendered":"Code-Breaking Grads Do the Math"},"content":{"rendered":"

Bailey Stewart \u201918 grew up piecing together Lego blocks and K\u2019nex sets, turning tiny pieces into space shuttles, castles and carnival rides. At home in Chesapeake, Virginia, where she and her sister would later discuss derivatives and integrals at the dinner table, she imagined becoming an engineer or architect.<\/p>\n

She ultimately decided on a career in math, and Mary Washington, where she signed up for a unique class called cryptology \u2013 the art of writing and breaking codes. That led to an internship last summer solving real problems for the Department of Defense. This fall, the UMW grad will enter the agency full-time, joining a STEM field where women account for less than a quarter of the workforce.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\"Shannon
Shannon Haley \u201918 (left) and Bailey Stewart \u201918, math majors at UMW, recently attended Mathematics of Modern Cryptography Program for women at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Stewart says she\u2019ll take with her the relationships she made at UMW \u2013 with professors, swim coaches and classmates, including one with whom she discovered the fascinating field of cryptology.<\/p>\n

Really, the class just sounded interesting<\/strong>. Especially if you loved math, and the real-world application of it, the way Stewart and Shannon Haley \u201918 did. Taught by mathematics professor and department chair Randall Helmstutler, the special topics course wasn’t taught every semester.<\/p>\n

Cryptology is \u201cwhy we have e-commerce. Your credit card number is run through an encryption process before it is passed over the internet and received by the vendor,\u201d he explained. \u201cThe math is so difficult that the attacker cannot literally \u2018do the math\u2019 and uncover our secret. Yet, two authorized users share a common bit of secret information that allows them to \u2026 securely pass sensitive data back and forth.\u201d<\/p>\n

\"Bailey
Bailey Stewart \u201918 (left) and Shannon Haley \u201918 (right) pose with UMW Professor of Mathematics Randall Helmstutler, who introduced them to the art of code breaking.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

It is, at its root, how we use \u201cvery hard mathematics to conceal our secrets from eavesdropping hackers,\u201d Helmstutler said.<\/p>\n

In the fall of 2016, Stewart and Haley signed up. They enjoyed it so much \u2013 and were so good at it \u2013 the professor offered the pair an independent study the next semester.<\/p>\n

Last summer, Stewart was one of 12 students out of hundreds of applicants around the country to be selected for the Cryptanalysis and Signals Analysis Summer Program.<\/p>\n

\u201cShannon and Bailey are two of my favorite students over my 13 years here at UMW.\u00a0Their enthusiasm for the material and their work ethic could not be ignored,\u201d he said. \u201cThey exhibited ingenuity and tenacity in attacking problems. They would come to our meetings prepared with these intricate exploits on encryption systems, worked out from front to back in full detail.\u00a0They would take over at the board, explaining their findings to me.\u00a0When I got lost, they would show me the way. It\u2019s the best thing you could ever experience as a teacher. I\u2019ve never had so much fun at work.\u201d<\/p>\n

Stewart and Haley were having fun, too. <\/strong>They took one more independent study and spent their senior year writing honors theses in cryptology.<\/p>\n

Stewart chose non-commutative zero knowledge protocols.<\/p>\n

\u201cIt\u2019s a way of convincing someone you are who you claim to be without ever revealing any information,\u201d she explained.\u00a0\u201cIf I\u2019m in Virginia and you\u2019re in California, and I want to convince you I live in a red house, you believe I live in a red house even though you haven\u2019t seen it.\u201d<\/p>\n

Haley invented a new version of the Massey-Omura cryptosystem, named for the two mathematicians who created it. It\u2019s an encryption system that works, she said, because of its commutative properties \u2013 the ability to move variables.<\/p>\n

\u201cIf you take that away, it makes the algebra harder \u2013 and the code harder to attack,\u201d said Haley, who is from La Plata, Maryland.<\/p>\n

She presented her research in San Diego in January at the Joint Mathematics Meetings, the largest conference of professional mathematicians in the world.<\/p>\n

\"Shannon
Shannon Haley \u201918 presents the research on which her senior honors thesis was based. She invented a new version of the Massey-Omura cryptosystem.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

If that wasn’t enough,\u00a0Stewart and Haley recently returned from the Mathematics of Modern Cryptography Program for women at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton. The six-day conference included women still working on their undergraduate degrees and women who\u2019ve spent years in the field of cryptology. They shared what it was like to be a woman in a field dominated by men.<\/p>\n

While women filled nearly half of all U.S. jobs in 2015, they held less than a quarter of STEM jobs \u2013 jobs in science, technology, engineering and math, according to the Department of Commerce.\u00a0 And while nearly as many women have undergraduate degrees as men overall, they only account for 30 percent of STEM degree holders.<\/p>\n

\"Bailey
Bailey Stewart’s senior honors thesis was based on non-commutative zero knowledge protocols, “a way of convincing someone you are who you claim to be without ever revealing any information.”<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u201cThat was never something that deterred me,\u201d Stewart said.<\/p>\n

And at UMW, things were different. Sixty percent of math grads are women, said Helmstutler.<\/p>\n

\u201cProfessors are very supportive of students. They encourage you to work and get along with so many different kinds of people. The UMW community encourages that,\u201d said Haley, who will be back in the fall for a master\u2019s in education.<\/p>\n

\u201cI\u2019m just a better problem-solver in everyday life and in everything I do,\u201d she said. \u201cThat\u2019s what math teaches you.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bailey Stewart \u201918 grew up piecing together Lego blocks and K\u2019nex sets, turning tiny pieces into space shuttles, castles and carnival rides. At home in Chesapeake, Virginia, where she and her sister would later discuss derivatives and integrals at the dinner table, she imagined becoming an engineer or architect. She ultimately decided on a career […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":831,"featured_media":88478,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"umw_cb_additional_links":[[]],"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_advisory_expires_time":"","_advisory_meta_include":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[704],"tags":[12000,12524],"topics":[5146],"class_list":{"0":"post-88465","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-top-stories","8":"tag-department-of-mathematics","9":"tag-outcomes","10":"topic-diversity-inclusion","11":"entry"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nCode-Breaking Grads Do the Math - News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.umw.edu\/news\/2018\/05\/31\/code-breaking-grads-do-the-math\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Code-Breaking Grads Do the Math\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Bailey Stewart \u201918 grew up piecing together Lego blocks and K\u2019nex sets, turning tiny pieces into space shuttles, castles and carnival rides. 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